Occurrence of algal stem blotch in ber (Ziziphus mauritiana) under coastal Odisha conditions in India

The investigation was carried out during 2017-18 to identify and document the emerging diseases of Indian Jujube or ber (Ziziphus mauritiana Lamk.) in Odisha state located in Eastern part of India. Periodical visit and subsequent investigations revealed the occurrence of a new kind of stem blotch disease in ber caused by alga. Symptoms were observed on bark of the stem and branches as bright red velvety blotch colonies during July- September 2017. However dull grey blotches were visible throughout the year. Leaves and fruits were left unaffected. The algal stem blotch occurrence was assessed during the year 2018 and disease severity rangedfrom 9.4-14.8 per cent. The green alga was identified and confirmed as Trentepohlia arborum (Agardh) Hariot based on key morphological characters. The stem blotches lead to death of young twigs measured between 3 to 8 mm thickness on primary and secondary branches wherein thickness of branches was more than 10 mm, algal blotches caused cracking of bark. Present study highlights the causal agent of stem blotch of ber, its symptomatology, impact of disease and suggested management practices

A STUDY ON CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR TOWARDS BOTTLED DRINKING WATER WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO COIMBATORE CITY

Packaged drinking water means water derived from any source of portable water, which is, subjected to treatments namely decantation filtration, combination of filtration, accretions, filtration with membrane filter, depth filter, cartridge filter activated carbon filtration, demineralization, re-mineralization reverse osmosis packed. In marketing, consumers and their behaviour are viewed more carefully because of their importance. The individual consumer can change the entire market with his/her buying activities. Hence this study focuses the consumer behaviour towards bottled drinking water, to explain it the researchers have collected primary data through questionnaire and finally recommendations are provided in this study. The study concludes that quality is the most important factor influencing the consumers to go for a particular brand of bottled water. They believe that compared to the tap water, consuming Bottled Drinking water is a hygienic one. Therefore it is suggested to the manufacturers to give due consideration for the hygienic aspect while manufacturing Bottled Drinking water

ENERGY EFFICIENCY USING DATA REPLICATION AND POWER CONSUMPTION BASED ON SCHEDULING

ABSTRACT Cloud INTRODUCTION This project provides efficient power utilization of large data storage environment and also can provide the ability to solve large-scale applications which require the processing of large amounts of data, they have been recognized as extremely energy inefficient. Computing elements can be located far away from the data storage elements. A common solution to improve availability and file access time in such environments is to replicate the data, resulting in the creation of copies of data files at many different sites. The energy efficiency of the data centers storing this data is one of the biggest issues in data intensive computing. Since power is needed to transmit, store and cool the data, we propose to minimize the amount of data transmitted and stored by utilizing smart replication strategies that are data aware. Computing elements can be located far away from the data storage elements. In this paper, we present a new strategy for data replication, called Pseudo Least-Recently-Used (PLRU), and study its performance to determine if it is an energy efficient strategy. We measure the performance of PLRU and existing replica strategies on a small green cluster to study the running time and power consumption of the strategies with and without data backfilling. Results from this study have demonstrated that energy efficient data management can reduce energy consumption without negatively impacting response time

Efficient Circuit Configuration to Reduce Comparator Requirement of 8-Bit Flash Analog to Digital Convertor

Need constantly exists for converters with higher resolution, faster conversion speed and lower power dissipation. High-speed analog to digital converters (ADC’s) have been based on flash architecture, because all comparators sample the analog input voltage simultaneously, this ADC is thus inherently fast. Unfortunately, flash ADC requires 2N - 1 comparators to convert N bit digital code from an analog sample. This makes flash ADC’s unsuitable for high-resolution applications. This paper demonstrates a simple technique to reduce comparator requirement of 8-bit flash ADC that requires as few as 65 comparators for 8-bit conversion. In this approach, the analog input range is partitioned into 64 quantization cells, separated by 63 boundary points. A 6-bit binary code 000000 to 111111 is assigned to each cell. A 8-bit flash converter requires 256 comparators, while proposed technique reduces number of comparator requirements to 65 for 8-bit conversion. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.150711

An Intelligent Gain based Ant Colony Optimisation Method for Path Planning of Unmanned Ground Vehicles

 In many of the military applications, path planning is one of the crucial decision-making strategies in an unmanned autonomous system. Many intelligent approaches to pathfinding and generation have been derived in the past decade. Energy reduction (cost and time) during pathfinding is a herculean task. Optimal path planning not only means the shortest path but also finding one in the minimised cost and time. In this paper, an intelligent gain based ant colony optimisation and gain based green-ant (GG-Ant) have been proposed with an efficient path and least computation time than the recent state-of-the-art intelligent techniques. Simulation has been done under different conditions and results outperform the existing ant colony optimisation (ACO) and green-ant techniques with respect to the computation time and path length

FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF FAST DISSOLVING TABLET OF KETOROLAC TROMETHAMINE

Aim: Ketorolac tromethamine is used for the treatment of a number of infections including infection of joints and bones, gastroenteritis, malignant otitis externa, respiratory tract infections, cellulitis, urinary tract infections, anthrax, skin structural infections, and typhoid fever, and it also used in the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia, chronic bacterial prostatitis, and nosocomial pneumonia. Objective: Difficulty in swallowing (dysphasia) is a common problem of all age groups, especially the elderly and pediatrics, due to physiological changes associated with these groups. Conclusion: In the present work, it has been observed from all formulations of pre-compression and post-compression studies were given within the limit of values. The in vitro dissolution data, F1 (combination of different superdisintegrants) when compared to other formulation

Study the effect of intermediate and closer stiffener on the behaviour of the cold - formed steel lipped channel section under axial compression

Cold-Formed steel built-up columns are commonly used as compression member in the industrial roof and long span bridge structures to carry larger load. To improve the strength and stiffness of the cold-formed section, the built-up column with additional stiffeners and lacings are used. This paper reports the results of experimental tests conducted on built-up cold-formed columns, composed with the combination of intermediate and closer stiffeners with pin-ended condition under axial compression. Totally twelve columns with or without intermediate and closer stiffeners were tested to failure. The experimental results aim to quantify the effect of cross-section, intermediate and closer stiffener on the overall performance, including strength, strain and failure modes for the built-up column. The Finite element model was developed by ANSYS software and the model is validated with the experimental results. The built-up column strength predicated by recommended design equations of American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) exhibited good agreement with the ultimate load of built-up columns obtained both by experimental and numerical. Based on this study a recommendation is proposed to DSM for the CFS built -up columns with intermediate and closer stiffeners

Study the effect of intermediate and closer stiffener on the behaviour of the cold - formed steel lipped channel section under axial compression

Cold-Formed steel built-up columns are commonly used as compression member in the industrial roof and long span bridge structures to carry larger load. To improve the strength and stiffness of the cold-formed section, the built-up column with additional stiffeners and lacings are used. This paper reports the results of experimental tests conducted on built-up cold-formed columns, composed with the combination of intermediate and closer stiffeners with pin-ended condition under axial compression. Totally twelve columns with or without intermediate and closer stiffeners were tested to failure. The experimental results aim to quantify the effect of cross-section, intermediate and closer stiffener on the overall performance, including strength, strain and failure modes for the built-up column. The Finite element model was developed by ANSYS software and the model is validated with the experimental results. The built-up column strength predicated by recommended design equations of American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) exhibited good agreement with the ultimate load of built-up columns obtained both by experimental and numerical. Based on this study a recommendation is proposed to DSM for the CFS built -up columns with intermediate and closer stiffeners

Primary retroperitoneal mucinous cystadenocarcinoma: a rare surgico-pathological entity

Ovarian cancer (OC) is the seventh most common cancer for females in the world. Epithelial OC is the most predominant pathologic subtype (85%-90%), with five major histotypes- serous, mucinous, endometrioid, brenner and clear cell tumour. Each have three pathological subtypes ie benign, borderline and malignant. Mucinous cystadenomas and carcinomas of the ovary are well-established and common tumors. Primary retroperitoneal mucinous cystadenomas and carcinomas are being very rare and histopathogenesis of which is still uncertain. Most pathologists suggest their origin through mucinous metaplasia in a pre-existing mesothelium-lined cyst. An accurate preoperative diagnosis of these tumors is challenging due to lack of established effective diagnostic measures. Hereby presenting a 50-year-old woman, who visited to the hospital with abdominal distension and discomfort since two months. Sonography and computed tomography scans were performed and showed large predominantly cystic lesion arising from right adnexa. Patient underwent exploratory laparotomy for removal of the tumor. Histology and immunohistochemistry revealed primary retroperitoneal mucinous cystadenocarcinoma